The Kumbh Mela has a rich history that stretches back thousands of years and is deeply embedded in Hindu mythology and tradition. It is believed to be one of the oldest religious gatherings in the world with references found in ancient Hindu scriptures like the Vedas and Puranas. ​​​​​ Origins​: ​The origins of Kumbh Mela are rooted in the ancient Hindu story of the Samudra Manthan (churning of the ocean milk). According to the legend, the Gods (Devas) and Demons (Asuras) agreed to work together to churn the ocean to obtain the nectar of immortality (Amrita). However as soon as the nectar was obtained a battle ensued over who would possess it. During the struggle, a few drops of the nectar fell at four locations on Earth: Prayagraj, Haridwar, Nashik and Ujjain. These places became the sites for the Kumbh Mela, and it is believed that bathing in sacred rivers at these locations during the Kumbh Mela can cleanse one's sin and grant Salvation. ​​ Historical Development​: ​The first recorded evidence of the Kumbh Mela dates back to the 7th century when the Chinese traveler was Xuanzang mentioned a massive gathering of people at Prayagraj during the reign of King Harsha. Over the centuries, the event grew in scale and significance, attracting millions of pilgrims from across India and beyond.​ The Kumbh Mela as it is known today began to shape during the medieval period when it become more organized, with specific rituals and practices being formalized. The British colonial administration in the 19th century further recognized the importance of Kumbh Mela and began to document and regulate the event due to large number of participants.​ ​ Methodology:​ ​The Kumbh Mela follows a cyclical pattern, occurring every 12-years at each four locations. Event is based on specific astrological alignments: 1. Prayagraj: Held when Jupiter is in Taurus and the sun and moon are in Capricorn during the Hindu month of Magh (January - February).  2. Haridwar: Held when Jupiter is in Aquarius and the sun is in Aries during the Hindu month of Chaitra  (March - April). 3. Nashik: Held when Jupiter and the sun are in Leo during the Hindu month of Bhadrapada (August - September). 4. Ujjain: Held when Jupiter is in Leo and the sun is in Aries during the Hindu month of Vaishakha (April - May). ​ In addition to the 12 year cycle, there are also smaller Kumbh Melas, known as Ardh Kumbh Mela (half Kumbh), which take place every six years, and the Maha Kumbh Mela, which occurs every 144 years in Prayagraj. ​​ Rituals and Practices​: ​The central ritual of the Kumbh Mela is the Shahi Snan (Royal bath), where ascetics, sadhus, and pilgrims bathe in the sacred rivers. The ritual is believed to purify the soul and wash away sins. Event also includes religious discussion, devotional singing, mass feedings of monks and the poor, and numerous other spiritual activities. The Kumbh Mela is not just a religious event; it is also a social and cultural phenomena that reflects the diversity and unity of Hindu spirituality. It serves as a meeting point for different sects and tradition within Hinduism, fostering a sense of community and shared belief.